Method of heating buildings



Sept. 4, 1928.

1,6833% E. ALTENKIRCH METHOD OF HEATING BUILDINGS Filed Sept. 17, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet i g 3 Fifi? Z I 7 M r IIIVIIIIIII 1 I 9 9 2 4 Sept. 4, 1928. 1,683,434

E. ALTENKIRCH METHOD OF HEATING BUILDINGS F iled Sept. 17. 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 V 9 2 w W J u w 2N. & 4 P M r F W M L z Q N r F x .M H. 2

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Patented Sept. 4, 1928.

UNET'ED STATES Lt ii e AT a: NT oFFI EDMUND ALTENKI CH', or aLTg AnnsBEaesu-D, GERMANY, assmnoa'ro. slams-.5 SCHUCKEBTWERKE eEsELLscHar'r MIT BESCHRANKTER Hammon -'01" slams; smo e, GERMANY, A CORPORATION or GERMANY.

METHOD for HEATING BUILDINGS.I:

Application filed September 17, 1925, Serial .No. tease andiir My invention relates to amethod of heat ing buildings. The heatingof buildingsduring the winter'free of cost appears at first;

.a problem incapable of solution. According to my'inVen'tion-the roblem is solved by utilizing differences of temperature as they occur in nature,- for instance the temperaturehead between the cold atmospheric air and the heat of the ground as', for instance, availablein the ground or subsoil Water, in

an absorption machine whichoperates on The heat. forv gas is then expelled'aga'in from: thefsolution at a lower pressure b the ground or terrestrial heat and con ensed by-the coldof the atmospheric air." The'c'ondensed gasds then-evaporated again at a higher pressure by the terrestrial heat whereupon the cyclev beguilns again. The method is rendered ar-,

tic arly valuable if an absorption mac ine is employed which requires for-.its opera-- tion merely an existing temperature head, but no pumps, valves or othenmovable parts whatever. The machine then requires neither attention nor lubrication and'works entirely free ofcost. 3

Embodiments of my invention are diagrammatically} illustrated in "the drawing in which Fi 1, sho'ws a complete heating installation for a buildin and Fig. 2, asomew at modified lant. I Referring to Fig. 1 of the. r-awingsl, 2, 3 are radiators for heating the building indicated in outline, hot W&t9l being circulated through said radiators by the pipes 4 and 5. The Water is heated by a reabsorption vessel 6 in the form of a coiled .pip'e wound around the ascending pipe or riser 4.: In this vessel a gaseous working medium is absorbed by a liquid. The heat-generated in this process is the heating energy gained which is transmitted to the water flowing-in the pipe 4. The solution enriched-bythe gas reaches a gas expeller vessel 8 through anarrow throttling pipe 7. In this vessel 8 revails a lower pressure so that the heat of the liquid upwards throu h a p separationfchamber ,Q Here are sfiparate'tl depleted turns through,.a-pipe tion vessel 6 whilet denser l2throughapi 113 consists of a systeiii ofupilpes the roof of the house so h at itly cooled-byltheecold of. The gas condenser. and the con through the'pipe '13-= ir1 t6 'uie H s Owing to the-column oitliqiiidjn 13 the pressure in?t lie evaporatorl' han in h c n ens r'i m the ground swarms. air the condensate evaporate ag'ai of the h r m as re-'1 1Tb 9 e ated -is conductedjntota 6,61 titer and hence returns intoa H I it is- .absorbed aneyviby depl ,11 Provided-- the vessels andtheplpe hnes which the Y working liquidgof lthe absorption machine circulates are sealed; the mafl chine works indefinitely iivitliouti req iii'ing any supervision, renewal orfthe like. j In a rough calculationit that the temperature 'o ti tiie. 're absbi'herj6f rises as high above the temp rature of'the' undergroundlvesselsf 8and 1% 5 the tempera? 0 ture of the pipe ystem12 expeged to the cold airlies below it. If the syste'm oi. air cgoq Tfil pipes 12 is thus coolcd 'to I 2Q 0.; audit vessels Sand l i r-are aintained, the temperature in thr-abrheffi' mt brought to approicin ately- 4( "1 It ever possible to niana'gevvith a s'inaler perature difference or headfbetlween. the groundand the atmosphericfair'bf tb tl jm t e-S m si'v n temil re fe ifis eefi a higher heatin temperature" if an 'agparatu's according-to Fig.2 is'einploy' ed. lie ator which may serivejto heatanyleilclosed is space is designated by 2O 'I h"e," 21 and 22 are exposed to thecold'outeija1n them circulates a liquid als'jcarrien "f'cdld vhich, cools the vessels'if25iand'265K319? are embedded in the soil. In the coils 27 and 29 a liquid circulates as carrier of heat which conveys heat to the vessels 32 and 33 by means of the pipe coils 30 and 31. The

liquid'circulating through the coil 28 traverses a heating vessel 34 which serves to heat the vaporizing coil 35. 1 1

The radiators 20, of which only one is shown as van example, are-traversed by a liquid which is heated in the coil 36' in the reabsorber vessel 37. In-this vessel 37 the gas is absorbed which enters through the pipe 38. The li uid thus enriched by the 'gasascends throug a pipe 39 into the gas expeller 33 which is heated by the coil 31.fromsub-soilvcoil 29. The ex elled as is led away by the possible.

pipe 40 while t e dep eted solution returns into the re-absorber 37 "through the pipe 41.

The pipes 39 and 41 are'preferably in ens-- manner placed so close together that toma an exc an e of he'at'betweenthem is rendered he circulation between thereabsorber 37 and thegas 'expel'ler 33 is brought about by the fact that the gas enriched solu-- tion in the pipe 39 is specifically lighter than the depleted solution in-the'pipe 41. The pressure prevailing in the gas expeller'33is lower than that in the re-absorber '37- in correspondence with the columns of liquid-between the two. Thel'gas escaping throu h' the .pipe 10-passes into a system which will e described furtherfon and thence through the pipe42 into acondenser. 25. Here it is condensedat a medium pressure b the medium circulating through coil' 23an outdoor coil 21. The condensate reaches the evaporator 32 through the pipe 43'from which'the gas returns into the re-absorber 37 bya'pipe 38. The hitherto described apparatus differs from that according to Fig. 1 by the fact that the pressure in the condenser 25 is higher than that inthe gasexpell'er 33. This'has the advantage that the condensation occursalready coil 28. In this. coil 35 the gas is a ain expelled under higher pressure,'-vi z, the pressure of the condenser 25, then separated from the liquid in the gas separator 45 and reaches the condenser 25'through the pipe 42. The depleted liquid descendsfrom the gas separator i5 through the pipe 46 andreturns into the absorber 26. This apparatus also works merely under the influence of the temperature heads between the sub-soil and outdoors without mechanically moving parts, so that here also no supervision is required. The necessary differences in pressure are here also balanced by columns of liquid in order to eliminate pumps.

The substances customary in refrigerating engineering may be used as absorption liquid and absorption medium.

The temperature head between flowing water and the ground or flowing water and the air may according to my invention equally well be utilized for the generation of heat.

It will be readily understood that various modifications may. e made in the devices embodying my invention and I desire that only such limitations shall be placed thereon as are imposed by the. prior art or are specifically set forth in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention 1. The method of heating, lwhichconsists in utilizing existing temperaturedifferences to raise heat of-the existinghigher temperature to a still higher temperature level,-obtainingthe heat for heating purposes by the absorption of a gas in a liquid, expelling the gas again from thesolution' at. lower pressure by means .of the existing higher temperature, condensing said gas by the exist-' ing lower temperature, and eva orati-n it again at higher pressure by t e existing higher temperature.

2. The methodof heating, which consists in utilizing existing temperature diflerences to raise heat o-fthe existing higher temperature to a still hi her temperature level obtaining the heat for eating purposes by the absorption of a gas in aliquid, expelling the gas again.

from the solution at lower pressure by means of the existing higher temperature,.condensing said gas by the existing lower temperature, evaporatin it again at higher pressure by the existing higher temperature, and utilizing for this purpose the difference of temperature between the colder atmospheric air and the warmer parts of the ground.

3. The method of heating, which consists in utilizing existing temperature differences toraise heat of the existing higher tempera-.

ture to a still hi her temperature level, obtaining the heat or heating purposes by the absorption of a as in a liquid, expelling the gasagain from t e solution at lower-pressure by means of the existing higher temperature, condensingsaid gas by. the existing lower temperature, evaporating it again at higher pressure by the existing higher tempera ture, and balancing the necessary differences in pressure by columnsof liquid.

i 4. The method of heating, which consists in utilizing existing temperature differences to raise heat'of the existing higher temperature to a still higher temperature level, obtaining the heat 'for heating purposes by the absorption of a gas in a liquid, expelling the gas again from the solution at lower pressure y means of the existing higher temperature,

condensing said gas by the existing lower sure by columns of liquid, first absorbing the gas expelled at lower pressure again, expelling it again at a medium pressure and the 10 available higher temperature, and then only condensing and evaporating it again.

In testimon whereof I aflix my signature.

DMUN D ALTENKIRCH. 

